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One Reader · Journal

When social media becomes television

Social platforms promised conversation, but much of the time they now work like personalized television: a few accounts produce, and many people watch.

· 6 min read · One Reader

Many people are leaving social media not because they have stopped wanting connection, but because they have realized they are no longer connecting with anyone.

They open an app to see what other people are doing and find a stream produced by accounts much larger than their own: influencers, creators, celebrities, commentators, brands, newsrooms and public figures. They watch, scroll, like, perhaps comment. Most of the time, however, they are consuming content made by people with whom they have no relationship.

It is the old television model, with an interface that still calls itself social.

The difference is that television broadcast at fixed times, while a feed broadcasts continuously and personalizes the schedule for each viewer. The basic relationship is similar: a relatively small group produces material for a much larger group, while the larger group watches and reacts.

Social media promised to overcome that structure. Anyone could publish, reply, share and build a network without passing through the old media gatekeepers. The technical possibility remains. Attention, however, has become concentrated.

The Pew Research Center found that creator and influencer accounts made up 52% of the accounts followed by U.S. adults on TikTok. Accounts with more than a million followers represented only about 6% of all followed accounts, yet they made up roughly 22% of the accounts followed by the typical user. Entertainment and pop culture appeared in 59% of the accounts studied, while journalists, news outlets, politicians and government agencies each represented less than half of one percent. The research does not describe every platform, but it shows the direction clearly.

Everyone can speak. Few people become the reason others open the app.

The familiar 90-9-1 model is useful here as a rule of thumb: most users observe, a smaller group contributes occasionally, and a very small group produces most of the visible content. It is not a universal law. It is a way to describe participation inequality, especially when algorithmic distribution turns popularity into a form of capital.

A study in Humanities and Social Sciences Communications makes the contradiction explicit. Platforms such as TikTok make content production easier, but they do not remove the concentration of attention. They can even widen the gap between super-influencers and ordinary users by creating more content that competes for the same limited visibility. The study describes this as informal centralization inside apparently decentralized networks.

This is why many people feel tired even when they continue to use social media. Their interactions with other people increasingly depend on content produced elsewhere. They discuss a video, react to a story, share an opinion, or join a conversation that began with a large account. People still talk to one another, but often around a broadcast rather than directly with one another.

The pattern is especially visible in news. Pew found that 21% of U.S. adults regularly get news from social media influencers. Among those who can name a specific influencer, 39% say they feel personally connected to that person. The study points to a new kind of public relationship: intimate in feeling, but largely one-way.

Leaving social media, then, is not simply a question of reducing screen time. It raises a more difficult question: what remains when the feed is gone?

One Reader begins with a different answer. It does not ask a few visible people to speak to a passive audience. It does not turn every person into a follower of someone who publishes more often or more successfully. One person writes to one person.

The relationship does not depend on an influencer, a viral post or an algorithmic topic of the day. It begins with what one person has decided to say to another. The aim is not to make everyone better at producing content.

It is to create more occasions in which people can stop being an audience and become interlocutors again.